What is a supercapacitor 

Supercapacitors are divided into double electric layer capacitors and pseudocapacitors from the energy storage mechanism. It is a new type of energy storage device, which has the characteristics of high power density, short charging time, long service life, good temperature characteristics, energy saving and green environmental protection. Supercapacitors are versatile.

Can supercapacitors be batteries

Supercapacitors can replace batteries, which is also a direction in the future.

Supercapacitors, also known as double-layer capacitors, electrochemical capacitors, gold capacitors, and Farrah capacitors, store energy by polarizing electrolytes. It is an electrochemical element, but in its energy storage process does not occur chemical reaction, this energy storage process is reversible, but also because this supercapacitor can be repeatedly charged and discharged hundreds of thousands of times. Supercapacitors can be thought of as two non-reactive porous electrode plates suspended in the electrolyte, charged on the plate, the positive plate attracts negative ions in the electrolyte, the negative plate attracts positive ions, in fact forming two capacitive storage layers, the positive ions are separated near the negative plate, and the negative ions are near the positive plate.

Supercapacitor is a new kind of capacitor based on the interfacial double layer theory proposed by German physicist Helmholtz. As we all know, the surface of the metal electrode inserted into the electrolyte solution will appear on both sides of the liquid surface with opposite symbols of excess charge, so that the potential difference between phases will be generated. Then, if two electrodes are inserted in the electrolyte at the same time, and a voltage less than the decomposition voltage of the electrolyte solution is applied between them, then the positive and negative ions in the electrolyte will move rapidly to the poles under the action of the electric field, and respectively form a tight charge layer on the surface of the two upper electrodes, that is, a double electric layer.

The double electric layer formed by it is similar to the polarized charge generated by the dielectric in the traditional capacitor under the action of the electric field, resulting in a capacitance effect. The tight double electric layer is similar to the flat capacitor, but because the tight charge layer spacing is much smaller than the distance between the charge layers of the ordinary capacitor, it has a larger capacity than the ordinary capacitor.

The internal resistance of the double-layer capacitor is larger than that of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor, so it can be charged directly without load resistance. If there is an overvoltage charge, the double-layer capacitor will open the circuit without damaging the device, which is different from the overvoltage breakdown of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor. At the same time, compared with the rechargeable battery, the double electric layer capacitor can be charged without limitation, and the number of charging can reach more than 10^6 times, so the double electric layer capacitor not only has the characteristics of the capacitor, but also has the characteristics of the battery, and is a new special component between the battery and the capacitor.